Finnish Meteorological Institute assists Finnish Food Authority in utilizing satellite data

The Finnish Meteorological Institute is involved in developing a system that enables more precise monitoring and analysis of agricultural land condition, crop potential, and fertilizer needs.

The project utilizes satellite data, physical soil temperature and moisture models, and artificial intelligence to identify Finnish field crop species, maintenance needs, and actions taken, such as mowing and soil cultivation.

Satellite data aids in planning agricultural activities

The Finnish Meteorological Institute supplies the Finnish Food Authority with satellite data, consisting of the backscattering coefficient and coherence of Sentinel-1 data. Coherence indicates the phase change of the radar signal between two consecutive measurements, which occurs every 12 days with the Sentinel-1 satellite. Additionally, the institute's operational hydrological model (HOPS) calculates daily comprehensive information on soil frost and moisture covering the entire Finland with a spatial resolution of 250 meters. These products are automatically delivered daily as inputs to machine learning models at CGI.

Results from machine learning models are utilized in optimizing agricultural activities such as sowing and harvesting times. The generated information also aids in determining the eligibility of field blocks for support, improving the accuracy of subsidy applications and reducing administrative work for farmers.

In addition to collaboration with the Finnish Food Authority, the Finnish Meteorological Institute utilizes satellite measurements in its developed system for measuring and calculating carbon and greenhouse gases in fields, demonstrated in the Field Observatory.

Digitalization and innovations address challenges in the agricultural sector

The reform of Finland's agricultural policy emphasizes food security, competitiveness of farms, environmental and climate goals, and a vibrant rural area. Digitalization and innovations are key tools to address challenges in the agricultural sector.

The goal of the EU's Common Agricultural Policy is to strengthen the safety, reliability, nutritional value, and quality of food systems, as well as promote their sustainability. A sustainable approach to food production supports environmental protection, societal well-being, public health, and enables the fair distribution of economic benefits.

Further information:

Dr. Kari Luojus, Head of Satellite Services and Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, tel. +358 29 539 4683, kari.luojus@fmi.fi Scientist Jaakko Ikonen, Finnish Meteorological Institute, tel. +358 29 539 2099, jaakko.ikonen@fmi.fi Field Observatory & carbon cycle: Prof. Jari Liski, Finnish Meteorological Institute, tel. +358 29 539 6086 jari.liski@fmi.fi

Soil temperature at a depth of 20 centimeters on May 1, 2023, as estimated by the Finnish Meteorological Institute's hydrological model (HOPS). Image: Finnish Meteorological Institute.