November unusually warm in southern Finland
The mean temperature in November varied from just under 5 degrees in the westernmost part of the country to just under -7 degrees in north-western Lapland. In comparison with the long-term mean, temperatures were close to normal in western and central Lapland and higher than normal in other parts of the country. In the southern part of the country and on the west coast, the temperature was exceptionally high, a situation that occurs once every ten years on average. Over the past 50 years, the warmest Novembers have occurred in 2000, 2005 and 2011. The highest temperature of the month, 11.1 degrees, was measured in Jomala, Åland on 16 November while the lowest temperature of -28.6 degrees was measured in Muonio on 30 November
Unusually rainy in the central part of the country
The majority of the country was rainier than normal, but the weather was even unusually rainy in the central part of the country, Northern Ostrobothnia and Kainuu. The amount of rain during the month varied from some 100 millimetres on the southern coast to just under 30 millimetres in north-eastern Lapland. The amount of rain was less than normal only in parts of Lapland. North-eastern Lapland received just over half of the normal amount of precipitation. Of FMI’s observation stations, the precipitation station at Koivuniemi, Vironlahti received the most rain with a total of 137 millimetres. Kirakkajärvi, Inari received the least rain with a total of 13 millimetres. On 5 October, the country’s greatest daily rainfall of 23.6 millimetres was measured at Joutsjärvi in Sysmä.
At the end of the month, snow covered the area north of the belt running from South Karelia to the coast of Ostrobothnia. The area covered by snow was less than normal, as on average the snow covers the entire country with the exception of the south-west archipelago and Åland at the end of November. The thickest snow cover was in the Käsivarsi region of Lapland, with up to 83 centimetres measured at Kilpisjärvi, Enontekiö. This is close to the record for snow cover in November.
There were three storm days during the month - 5 November, 17 November and 28 November - which is an ordinary number. The largest storm was the Eino storm on 17 November, which affected the central and eastern part of the country in particular. The highest mean wind velocity of 27 .0 m/s was measured at Nahkiainen, Raahe while the strongest gust of 32.9 m/s was measured at Sälgrund in Kaskinen. A large storm similar in size to the Eino storm also occurred right at the beginning of December, affecting the southern and central parts of the country in particular. At that time, the highest mean wind velocity of 27.9 m/s and the largest gust of 34.4 m/s were measured at Märket, Åland.
Autumn unusually warm and rainier than normal in the east
In comparison to the long-term mean, the autumn was unusually warm throughout the country. The mean temperature for the autumn months of September-November was highest in most south-westerly part of the country, where it was about 8 degrees. The coldest temperatures were measured in north-west Lapland, where the mean temperature was just below zero. Since 2000, the autumn has been warmer in 2000, 2005, 2006 and 2011.
Thermal autumn began in the entire country around 20 September, which is one month later than normal in Lapland. In the southern part of the country, thermal autumn began closer to the normal time. In Lapland, thermal winter began in mid-October, which is quite normal. Thermal winter in the central part of the country began at the end of November, which is later than usual. The amount of autumn rainfall was highest in the eastern part of the country, where some places received nearly 250 millimetres of rain. Rainfall was less than normal in the westernmost part of the country and, with the exception of the Käsivarsi region, in Lapland. Western Lapland received nearly 100 millimetres of rain in some places.
Further information:
November weather statistics: http://ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/marraskuu